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We equip $\mathrm {BP} \langle n \rangle $ with an $\mathbb {E}_3$-$\mathrm{BP}$-algebra structure for each prime $p$ and height $n$. The algebraic $K$-theory of this ring is of chromatic height exactly $n+1$, and the map $\mathrm {K}(\mathrm{BP}\langle n \rangle )_{(p)} \to \mathrm {L}_{n+1}^{f} \mathrm {K}(\mathrm {BP}\langle n\rangle )_{(p)}$ has bounded above fiber.

Pages 1277-1351 by Jeremy Hahn, Dylan Wilson | From volume 196-3

Prisms and prismatic cohomology

We introduce the notion of a prism, which may be regarded as a “deperfection” of the notion of a perfectoid ring. Using prisms, we attach a ringed site — the prismatic site — to a $p$-adic formal scheme. The resulting cohomology theory specializes to (and often refines) most known integral $p$-adic cohomology theories.

As applications, we prove an improved version of the almost purity theorem allowing ramification along arbitrary closed subsets (without using adic spaces), give a co-ordinate free description of $q$-de Rham cohomology as conjectured by the second author, and settle a vanishing conjecture for the $p$-adic Tate twists $\mathbf {Z}_p(n)$ introduced in our previous joint work with Morrow.

Pages 1135-1275 by Bhargav Bhatt, Peter Scholze | From volume 196-3

One can hear the shape of ellipses of small eccentricity

We show that if the eccentricity of an ellipse is sufficiently small, then up to isometries it is spectrally unique among all smooth domains. We do not assume any symmetry, convexity, or closeness to the ellipse, on the class of domains.

In the course of the proof we also show that for nearly circular domains, the lengths of periodic orbits that are shorter than the perimeter of the domain must belong to the singular support of the wave trace. As a result we also obtain a Laplace spectral rigidity result for the class of axially symmetric nearly circular domains using a similar result of De Simoi, Kaloshin, and Wei concerning the length spectrum of such domains.

Pages 1083-1134 by Hamid Hezari, Steve Zelditch | From volume 196-3

Universal optimality of the $E_8$ and Leech lattices and interpolation formulas

We prove that the $E_8$ root lattice and the Leech lattice are universally optimal among point configurations in Euclidean spaces of dimensions eight and twenty-four, respectively. In other words, they minimize energy for every potential function that is a completely monotonic function of squared distance (for example, inverse power laws or Gaussians), which is a strong form of robustness not previously known for any configuration in more than one dimension. This theorem implies their recently shown optimality as sphere packings, and broadly generalizes it to allow for long-range interactions.

The proof uses sharp linear programming bounds for energy. To construct the optimal auxiliary functions used to attain these bounds, we prove a new interpolation theorem, which is of independent interest. It reconstructs a radial Schwartz function $f$ from the values and radial derivatives of $f$ and its Fourier transform $\hat f$ at the radii $\sqrt{2n}$ for integers $n\ge 1$ in $\mathbb{R}^8$ and $n \ge 2$ in $\mathbb{R}^{24}$. To prove this theorem, we construct an interpolation basis using integral transforms of quasimodular forms, generalizing Viazovska’s work on sphere packing and placing it in the context of a more conceptual theory.

The supplemental computer-assisted proof of kernel inequalities for this paper is available at the following locations:
https://doi.org/10.4007/annals.2022.196.3.3.code and https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/141226

Pages 983-1082 by Henry Cohn, Abhinav Kumar, Stephen D. Miller, Danylo Radchenko, Maryna Viazovska | From volume 196-3

Invariant measures and measurable projective factors for actions of higher-rank lattices on manifolds

We consider smooth actions of lattices in higher-rank semisimple Lie groups on manifolds. We define two numbers $r(G)$ and $m(G)$ associated with the roots system of the Lie algebra of a Lie group $G$. If the dimension of the manifold is smaller than $r(G)$, then we show the action preserves a Borel probability measure. If the dimension of the manifold is at most $m(G)$, we show there is a quasi-invariant measure on the manifold such that the action is measurably isomorphic to a relatively measure-preserving action over a standard boundary action.

Pages 941-981 by Aaron Brown, Federico Rodriguez Hertz, Zhiren Wang | From volume 196-3

Zimmer’s conjecture: Subexponential growth, measure rigidity, and strong property (T)

We prove several cases of Zimmer’s conjecture for actions of higher-rank, cocompact lattices on low-dimensional manifolds. For example, if $\Gamma$ is a cocompact lattice in $\mathrm{SL}(n,\mathbb{R})$, $M$ is a compact manifold, and $\omega$ a volume form on $M$, we show that any homomorphism $\alpha : \Gamma \rightarrow \mathrm{Diff}(M)$ has finite image if the dimension of $M$ is less than $n-1$ and that any homomorphism $\alpha : \Gamma \rightarrow \mathrm{Diff}(M,\omega)$ has finite image if the dimension of $M$ is less than $n$. The key step in the proof is to show that any such action has uniform subexponential growth of derivatives. This is established using ideas from the smooth ergodic theory of higher-rank abelian groups, structure theory of semisimple groups, and results from homogeneous dynamics. Having established uniform subexponential growth of derivatives, we apply Lafforgue’s strong property \rm (T) to establish the existence of an invariant Riemannian metric.

Pages 891-940 by Aaron Brown, David Fisher, Sebastian Hurtado | From volume 196-3